Evaluation of Pure Titanium Welded Joints Produced by Underwater Friction Stir Welding

Underwater friction stir welding (UWFSW) is an advancement of conventional welding, which performed in air. The need for underwater calls more information to be explored the different materials. aim this research investigate UWFSW 2 mm titanium sheet joints their tensile and microstructural properties compare them with results (FSW) Also, nondestructive tests, such as radiography dye penetrant were carried out identify occurrence any weld defects. rotational speed FSW tool its travelling considered process parameters, while other parameters like tilt angle tool, shape pin, etc. kept constant. show that welded higher strengths achieved at a lower 140 mm/min 400 500 rpm UWFSW, respectively. mechanical yield strength, hardness are improved when compared due proper mixing metal effective cooling water environment. In FSW, YS TS values observed, 95.9% 75.1% base values, respectively, mm/min. However, elongation % much both metal. These supported by microstructure test outcomes.